Oil burner



H. DITTES OIL BURNER June 24, 1930.

Filed 061'.. 22. 1926 Patented June 24,1930

` tienen 4 oi-inf Beltmanv i Ap'pii/catibn nied'ocftber 22, 1926.' 'serial nog.' 143,385. .y

i, My invention relates to .oil .burners and has forlits'ob'jectfto;provide an oil burner including a 'nozzle :furnished -Witha preheated air, liquid fuel, -anfdysteam.

Anotherobject of they invention resides in heating'v lthe fuel priorto; the introduction of thesame intothe nozzle by means of the vheated air aswell? as thesteam.

ing va horizontal pipe-leadingup to the ,nozzle and' connectedfwi'th an air preheaterand iii-.positioning Withiny saidfpipeta second pipe connected ivith'a source of, rliquidffuel and positioning Within said second pipey a thirdpipe connected With'a steam generator, a-ll of .saidfrpipes leading'up to said nozzl`e. V 1 i i A still further obj ect of the invention consists in providingwa toroidal air.y p'reheater Within the lire pot of the heating plant yin Which theoil burner is installed, said preheater lying alongithe inner surfaceofthe firepot of said heating: plant, and. being connected at one end .with said 'outer` 'pipe leading to the burnernozzle and being'con-r structed in detachable sections.

' 'A still further kobject .of the invention resicleszin arranging v'thev nozzle oncentricaL ly lrelative to said' 'preheater and -inpositioning Withinsaid preheater.. and encircling fsa-id 'nozzle a spiralfzcoil for generating steann'sad coil being connected with Said steampipe.` f 'L Affea'ture of the invention .resides in arrangingithe convolutions oif'saidj steam coil in :inverted kconical-foiniation, andzlin posi.- vtioningfsaid nozzle lbelovv'the upperj level thereof, fsaid'-nozzle being "provided With Jan Vinverted conical .deflectory orfdirecting coil and preheater; f l c An object of the invention resides-in forining said nozzle With three concentric vertical pipes situatedon'eg lWit-hin vthe other, Athe ends of'saidpipes being progressivelyv arranged beloW rtheends of the surrounding' pipe `to provide jets, said" 1pipes beingvconnectedg'to saidl aforementioned pipes'k and furnished With air, fuel and steam, respectively. 'ff' 4`the specici'construction thereof.'V v

v- -Another object of A.invention.resides in i providing battles' -Within said louter and in+ termediate pipes above the ends' ofsaid in#Y -termediate and inner pipes for assisting in I vaporlzing the uelzdirectedginto `the nozzle. .f5-

Vith the vforegoing vand other.- objects 1in View, which" will appearinthe following y description,` thefi-nventionf :resides ein `the A still further; object resides in provid-1V novel` combination and arrangement ofparts and'in the; details ,of construction herein.-r after described and claimed."y Y 1. l In'the drawings illustrating 'my .invention:' Y, Y. .f ,v-

y Fig. 1 is an elevational viewiofl a heating plant Withaportion .thereofy drawn in sec- -tion'and `illustrating the application o-my improvedgoil'burner thereto., I' A Fig.l 2 :is ay plan sectional line 2420i Fig. 1. y f A vis an enlarged longitudinal s ectional v' vievv `taken through `the center4 of my improved burner nozzle.`

view4 taken 1 on invention.A

'For thepufpose 'f alienating'uieraepncation offmy Aimproved oil burner, I have yshovvn in theidraivings, a heating plant indicated in vits entirety at A, which may be either a boiler: 'or'hot air furnace, Vor any *othery form off heating` plant, fas desired. 4This heating plant constructeclavith vthe usualAsectionsfiorming aafire pot l0` and an ash pit '11, said sections being z trrangedv with Yan a'shypit opening 12 'and' a coal opening 13. Inasmuch'v asfthe` particular .typefo I heater in. which :the 'invention-g may be installed doesfn'oty form. anywparticular.l feature' of the invention, lthe', same* has' Vonly. Abe4 n 1 "shovv'n generally. Withoutv illustrating The oily burner'proper, which `is indicated in' its entirety. at' B, .is principally:positioned "Within the ire'fpotr lO'and rhasv certainportions thereof cxtendingdown into the ash pitlll; and througlrthe -asliipit opening 12. This burner comprises primarily rnozzle .14 "connected Vwith a preheater ljlfand a steam generator 16 as Well as to asuitable source of supply for liquid 'fuel Eso fier

Pro

' tor maybe varied at will so as to Vregulate Athe formation and condition of the flame. f

l .V40 M immediately above the ash pitmll. ,This

s 'placewithinthe fire pot l0. The manner of e The nozzle 141s Shown in aan infrig. 3,

Y andconsistsof anpouter pipe 17 centrally disposed within the 'fire Vpot 10 in vertical position. yVithin this pipe is concentrically arranged an intermediate pipe 18, the upper` end 19 of. which is disposed considerably belowfthe upper end 2Y0`of the pipe17.=1 Between the twoends 19 andl 20 of .pipes 118 y vand .17, .and withinfthe pipe 17 is arranged a cage y21 supporting la 'plurality of` battles `22 arranged tof deflectand agitate the fuel `mixture ejected 'from' the nozzle. Within i theA pipe V18r is concentrically arranged an inner pipe 23 having its-upper end 24V disposed below the upper end 19 of said pipeV 18 to provide a steam jet. A cage 25 similar tol the cage 2l and having va plurality of baiies 26 formed therein is positioned between the ends 19 and 24`vof pipes 18'and 28 within the upper portionv of saidfpipe y18. These b'aiies, as well as the baffles 22,' serve to atomize fand --break up the fuel globules in a manner to be presently explained. AAt

Y the top ofthe pipe 17 is arrangeda spider .59 -which is formed 'with a 'boss 60 tapped' I 'Y In .the installation of thel oil burner'fthe grates-are preferably removed, and a funnel shaped 'plate v27 .inserted4 withinfthe rfire pot plate is formed with an outwardly entending'flange 28 which may be"madeseparate.V therefrom and supported thereon in any suitable manner.' For permitting the vinsertion of this structure into the fire pot, the .same may be made in sections sof that it can be inserted through thelash pit opening 12 o'r'the coalV Vopening 13 and subsequently' bolted togetherafter being arranged in- Y constructing these platesfbeing' obvious, the same has notbeenillustrated in detailpin Y. L the drawings. The nozzle 14, as shown in` Fig. i1,-is centrally disposed within'the fire Vpot 10 and extends upwardly'through the I apex of the funnel shaped' plate 27, and

` Y Vcarries a collar'29 which serves toV support plates `v27 `and 28 iniplace within the heating plant.v v y The preheater-15 which is for the purpose i of heating theair before the same is'mixedr Vwith the liquid fuel is constructed; as best shown, in Figs. 2 and 4, and consists of a plurality of Vvarcuate tubularV sections 30 Y formed with socketed ends 31 adapted to beVV i bolted together by'means oflbolts 32. -Th'e Vbolts 32 are positioned above, and below the..

said sections and Vpass through lugs 33 formed thereon. The socletedends of said;

sections are of spherical formation sothat` the same may roel; a slight amount permitting the adjustment of theA entire assemblage `offseetions to conform tothe curvature of the interior of the'firefpot proper.V ByV means of ,this construction the preheater l5 may be made .toV fit any of the differentV sizes of fire potsnow inv common use 'for a residential types ofboilers and furnaces `by selecting the-proper number of sections and attaching the same together; inthe desired Vangular relation to one another.' In addi tionto the intermediate-sections 30, :I em;

ploy two end sections'341and35 constructed in the form of elbows, which extend down-l wardly through the flange -28jon plate 27,

The end section 34 serves as an inlet forfthe preheaterl and draws fresh'air from'pthe A*ash pit 11 'which entersfthe same `through the'opening 12. The other section 35`of the E preheater serves as an Youtlet Vand is con# nected with. a depending pipe 36V whicheX- tends .down into-the'ash pit 11. This pipe Vis connected to a horizontal pipef37' by meansA of an elbow 38. Pipe137 projects outwardly-through the opening 12 of the heating plant, as best shown in Figs. 1l and` 2.` A' second pipe 42 runs adjacentthe pipe Y 37 and `is connected at one end tosaid horizontal pipe by `means1of a reducing T139 andan elbow 40, and Vis connected 'at its other end to the'rpipc'17 of .nozzle 14, by

This pipe serves vto furnish heated 'air to the nozzle for mix'- ture with the fuelvapor 'in a'manner. to be means of an elbow 41.

presently described; Y f

/Within Vthe horizontal' pipe Y42V` isA arranged van intermediate pipe 43 which is secured in theireducing T 39and-runs-concentrically within saidfhorizontal pipe. Pipe i 43 is connectedto the intermediate pipe 18 of nozzle 14. In saidpipe is positioned a 11oA n T 45, which in turn, is connected to a sup:-

plyv pipe v46 leading tothe supply tank for furnishing liquid fuel to the burner.' `VThe said pipe V43 .terminates in aV reducing con# pling 47 which has secured init an 'inne-'rv pipe 48 Vextending withinlxsaid pipe 43v 'in spaced'relation Ato the walls thereof, which inner Ypipe is connectedto the inner. pipe'23 nected to'lpipe 18. A inthe pipe 46.v

i VI The steam generator 16 consists of a coil ofpipe arrangedwith a number of spiral convolutions 49 whichare arrangedin thek formgof an inverted cone, saidconvolutions being positioned within the toroidal 4prevheater land encircling the nozzle 14.

upper end 50 offthis heating coil is con- 1120* Y of nozzle 14 the same aspipe i43 is con-v valve' 44 is connected e nectedbymeans vof a unionl 63"and;a 'pipe V51 to the pipe-48fp1eviously referred to. y Theflower-end of'this pipe `indicated at 52 iisvsimilarly connectedby means of a union V('4ftol a supply pipe 153; which in-turn is connectedfto' any. suitable supply -line furnishingwater "under fpressure to the generator.

:regulatingivalve 54'is positioned in thisV 'pipe in proximity'toftheregulating valve '44vand serves to controlfthef water' entering thezf'steam generator. r If ,desired the valve stemsof'these two "valves .may be connected together by means of a singlefcontrol. lever vsothat thetwo valves ymay/be simultaneouslyoperated.y-r It will 'hencebe readilyl seen that the amount of steam generated is proportional to the opening of the valve 54 and that the quantity of steam injected rinto the "burneriwill bein proportion to the amountof;` .fuelI entering vthe'same;l '1f so desired afmanually controlled valve 69 may y bejinserted in theairpipetfor regulating 23 by proper float mechanism not shown in ythe volume of airentering'the burner.v *f-The entire burnerincluding the plates 27A Y and 28ifwhich are 'carried on` the vpipe17` are all supported uponfa standard 56 located within lthef fire pot 11 andwbeneath they various pipes offtheburner. .lnaddition the -pilaesjconnecting*they fuel reservoir and the water supplyasystemgwith the burner serve to further stiffen and support the structure. It can, however, readily be compre- Vhended that the burner may be supported in any desired suitable manner. I

In the use of theburner rthe operation is as follows. In starting the burner, gasoline1 alcohol, or some othersuitable priming fuel is poured into the funnel shaped member 27 surrounding the nozzle 14. Upon igniting this fuel the steam coil 16 and the preheater 15 as Well as thenozzle 14 are all heatedso that'when the valves v44 and 54 are opened the drawings so that the `same is always available to be picked up by the live steam issuing from the pipe 23. The mixture` of steam and fuel vapor leaving pipe 18 creates a suction in pipe 17 which draws heated air ,through the preheater15 from the ash pit 11 through the open end of saidpreheater,v

This air mixes with the fuelvapor and steam leaving the pipe 18 where the sameis entirely diffused by means of the baffles v22 so that when the fuel mixture leaves the nozzleV 14 the same is in a highly combustible state. VAs soon as the fuel strikes the deflector 57the same thrownoutwardlyin fan' A'shaped formation providing an out-` wardly flaring flame which strikes the walls of the boiler and follows along the same to theheating surfaces of the boiler situated above the `fire pot. At the same time heat from the flame heats the coil land the preheater 15 Ycausing the same to provide addi v tional steam and heated .air for operating n thefburner. "When it is 'desired to reduce the volume,ofheat from the burner the two valves .44 and 54V are simultaneously operated by thek lever 55. The -burner may y,

thus be inadeto operate with a Vsmaller flame than under normal conditionsv which iseffected by adjusting the two valves 44 and 54 so that the same function properly under maximum and minimum requirements. If desiredya vsuitable heat regulator maypbev Connected tothe lever 55 for automatically "Ivo operating the same. Such `vstructure being g well known in the art, has not been disclosed in'detail in this application.- l To permit of drawing the water from thev generator 16 whenthe boiler or; furnace isv not in use, a petcockgf() is employed which is inserted inthe pipe 53, kbetween saidgenerator 16 and the valve 54. In the event that the burner goes out and fuel continues to'llow from thepipej18 and into the pipe 17 va: safetyvdevice is provided which` consists of a'trap 71- connected to the elbow 40. When a sufficient head of liquid fuel yis,acquired the saidtrap opens and operates a suitable bucket mechanism fer closing the drawings. Such construction being A well 'known in the art has not been illustrated in this application. v f l Y rTheadvantages Vof my invention are mani'- fest. An extremely simple` and effective oil burner is provided in which the oil` is not 12100 fuel pipe emergency valve, notshown in the 1 only heated prior Ato vaporization by the current kof airinjected into the burner nozzle, but also by the steam pipe conducting the Llive Asteam to the same.

InVY this mannerl the lfuel upon reachingthe burner nozzle f 1s easily vaporized so that a highlyl com-4 bustible fuel mixture is robtained upon? leav- .lngthejburnen VDue to the fbaflles withinr the lnozzle the fuel mixture Ais kcompletely diffused so thata uniform and evename results witha minimum amount of noise.`

The flame is/directed into the lire pot vin suchan vkanglethat the same strikes :the heating surface ofthe interior of theboiler and-r 'so that a portion of therheat is deflected to heat/the preheaterand steam generatorcon- .nected withy the burner.4 The preheater is "so constructed` that'the same maybe made 'to ht any ofthe usual sizes of Vboilers or p V i furnaces now'incommon use forjresidences.

so that'but, a single set of castings need beemployed vfor anyv ty pe of heating plant. By `means kof two unionsk the ventire steam generator with said nozzle, and

y' connected with said nozzle.

coil may be'removed 'from the Vburner lfor the purpose of repair or inspection when Y lio the occasion demands it. The burnerA may be readily constructed to 'fit 'any boiler lor furnace. f

Changes in theV specific fornitofV my in-l vention, as liereindisclosed, mayl be made within the scope kof what is claimed Without 'departing from 'fthe spirit'of'my invention.

`Havingv described finy invention, WhatI -f claim*r as new and desire tof protect by Letters Patent isi:

, Vl. In combination,A 1an loil burner con. prising a conical platedisposed'with its vertex lowerinost and having a horizontal flared rim at the upper portion'thereof,1a nozzle Y extending centrally upvvardly through ythe vertex ofV said conical plate, a toroidaly air heater disposed above saidV horizontal rim,

l aconical steam generator disposed above said conical 'plate with its vertex lovvermost vand 4spacedA therefrom, said 'air heater and steam generator beingconcentrically arranged relati-ve to fsa-id nozzlefand connected there- With, Waterpi'pe connected tosaid generator anda fuel pipe connected to said-nozzle.

' I 2.- In combination, an oil burner comprising acentrally disposed nozzle, said nozzle v having a deiiector adapted to direct the V'flame in 1an outward fand upward direction to produce. a conical amevformatiomran air Y preheater andA a Ystearn generator disposed below said conicalV flame and adapted to receive the heat fromV below said flame,l pipesv connecting Vsaid air preheater and y steam 3;An oil burner for use Within a heater,

Y through saidpartition and above tlie'same,

1 trally 'positioned Withinv the iire pot of a heaterand adapted todirect a flamerlateryally therefrom-,an air preheater positioned ,Withinv the fire pot Vandnear the Wall there- J :ofvand encirclingsa'id nozzle, a steam generatorcoil positioned between said preheater Yflame issuing "and nozzleV andencirclin'g said nozzle', said steamvv generatorl andV preheater l being disposed-to beV successively subjected tor the Lrom'said nozzle, means for i furnishing fuel oil to said nozzle, means for conducting steam froinsaid steamY generator Y coil to Vsaid nozzle, and means for Vconduct*- ing rheated airk from said 'preheater to said 1 5. An' oil burner for use Within Ya heater having a circular Vfire potcomprising a toroin dalfai'r prelieaterV positioned Within the fire potand along the interior surface thereof,

a spiral steam generator encircledby said` Y and having the convolutions thereof arranged in conical formation/1 with` Y preheater the apex thereof lovvermost, a nozzle .cenj-g trally positioned with 'respect f to said.V fire pot, preheater and stearn generator termine ating above .the lowerfconvolution olf-'f said means for supplying liquid fuelto said noz- VVgenerator, -sai'd nozzle having a 'deflector 'for deflecting the iburningga'ses issuingtherefromupwardly in a flaring manner along said steanr generator andk preheater,

zle, means -forconductingV steam forl 'said steam generatorcoil '.to said, nozzle-,fand Vmeansfor conducting/heated air from said preheater to'saidnozzle. n; 6. An oil burner for use Within a heater comprising anair-preheater and a steam generatorjointly arranged to have the up Aper surfaces thereof disposed-in Ysubstantially conical formation vWiththe vertexof said joint structure lowermost, a nozzle cen trallyY positioned With. respect to said Vp'reheater and steam,generatonand'jmeans for causing the 'flame issuing therefrom to be Vprojectedl laterally in outwardly. flaring relation toplay upon tl'ie'uppersurfacesof said steam coil and preheater. Y Y c f n In testimony whereof I affix my signature.

HENRY DI'IVllilS.

a fuel pipeV va'horizontal partition extending yacross the f vfire pot of said heater; a nozzle extending 

